金属丝肖像雕塑
原文链接：https://thatartteacher.com/2024/04/29/wire-portrait-sculpture/
日期： 2024-04-29
作者： Sierra Machado
分类： 长课时教案、雕塑
标签： 三维艺术课、非陶土类三维课程、美术教育、美术教师、精选内容、高中金属丝课、如何制作平衡的金属丝雕塑、如何用金属丝塑造人脸、如何制作金属丝雕塑、金属丝雕塑分步教程、Sierra Machado 美术频道、That Art Teacher、金属丝艺术创意、金属丝肖像课、金属丝肖像雕塑、面向初学者的金属丝肖像雕塑、面向高中生的金属丝肖像雕塑、居家教学用金属丝肖像雕塑课、金属丝肖像雕塑教案、金属丝肖像教程、美术课中的金属丝塑形、面向初学者的金属丝塑形
本金属丝肖像雕塑课操作简易、成本低廉，且能创作出别致又令人惊艳的作品！我常将其作为更深入的人体雕塑课的导入环节，或在轮廓线绘画课期间作为补充创作活动。
这段简短视频将为您概览课堂中制作金属丝肖像所采用的技法。
这是一则完整版教程，将以实时方式逐步演示全部制作步骤。课前播放给学生观看，有助于他们直观理解技法；也特别适用于春假归来等学生“重启人类模式”的时刻……
材料
选用合适的金属丝，是本创作成功的关键。金属丝本身并非亲和度高的材料，而学生若习惯使用陶土等材质，有时会对它本能退缩（此处双关：“recoil”既指“退缩”，亦指金属丝“回弹”）。我采购的是350英尺长、14号规格的铝制金属丝。虽很想告诉您每位学生精确需用多少，但我的大脑与课堂管理方式实在无法做到如此精准。我们每次发放约一码长（即学生双臂平伸的长度）的金属丝，但我永远无法准确预估用量（此处双关：“gauge”既指“测量”，亦指金属丝“线径”）。我的建议始终是：宁可多买，切勿不足！
***本文含本人真诚推荐并实际用于课堂的联盟推广链接。若您通过这些链接购买商品，我可能获得佣金，且不会向您额外收费。感谢您支持这位公立学校教师的副业，让我得以持续提供免费教学资源。
美术史关联
亚历山大·考尔德（Alexander Calder）是自然契合的艺术家。他以动态雕塑（mobiles）与静态雕塑（stabiles）闻名于世，同时也是一位高产的金属丝肖像艺术家，曾以灵动诙谐的手法捕捉众多人物神韵。关于他的金属丝肖像，可进一步阅读此处：
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/meet-another-side-of-alexander-calder-at-the-portrait-gallery-7171285/: Wire Portrait Sculpture
我的学生每日在素描本中完成一项美术史热身练习，借此透过艺术批评视角探索多样艺术家。这是我最重要的课堂管理策略之一，同时也促使学生不止于动手创作，更主动参与艺术思考。此外，这也是每周落实各州及国家课程标准的有效途径。
详情请见此处：
美术史热身练习
以下为聚焦亚历山大·考尔德的一周热身练习免费下载资源。我每日提问会依据学生能力水平与教学目标灵活调整。欢迎您根据自身课堂需求改编此模板——我通常直接套用相同格式，在 Google 幻灯片中编辑即可。
亚历山大·考尔德免费下载！
开始创作
该技法对高年级小学生而言足够简单，对高中生而言亦具挑战性。本课可根据学生水平灵活简化或深化。若为初学者，可在打印照片上直接描画，助其识别关键轮廓线；若绘画功底较强，则可安排一系列写生轮廓线练习。
此课亦可作为高阶绘画作业的延伸创作，助力学生探索“跃出纸面”的线条表现力。这是我最钟爱的轮廓线肖像课之一：
综合媒介轮廓肖像
另一条较少依赖绘画能力的路径是使用照片。我目前在《雕塑II》课中讲授此内容，而该班多数学生并无绘画意愿——他们选修此课仅为获取艺术学分，并偏好动手实践。我并非断言他们“不会画”或“不喜欢画”，但其群体特征确实不同于我的《美术II》至AP工作室艺术课程的学生。
我们使用网站 unpslash.com，因其大部分图片免费且全部高清。学生亦可使用自拍照片，由此还可建立与摄影教学的联结。我会为学生打印照片，并引导他们仅用一根连续线条描摹最关键的轮廓元素。若照片本身干扰作画，可让学生将照片翻至背面，仅依马克笔勾勒的轮廓线进行创作。
学生描出轮廓线（即关键线条）后，便开始围绕它缠绕金属丝。我们用美纹纸胶带固定金属丝，从一个面部特征转向另一个时，必须将金属丝打圈缠绕。
我通常借助Elmo实物展台来授课，这样大班学生也能清晰看清每一步操作。金属丝肖像视频非常适合复习或突出关键步骤，但我更喜欢分步讲解。这台展台价格昂贵，我很幸运，所在学区为我购置了一台——它彻底改变了我的课堂教学。市面上也有更便宜的型号，但我钟爱我的Elmo展台。
务必固定好主要区域，防止金属丝移位晃动。若从一个面部特征转向另一个，需缠绕两圈，以保持金属丝原有形态。有时，缠绕过多会削弱线条的简洁感，但通过练习，这一平衡会越来越容易掌握。
最终金属丝肖像雕塑成果
我喜欢这些略带怪趣的作品，也总为线条雕塑所能捕捉的丰富信息而惊叹。这些作品拍摄起来格外有趣，还能玩转光影效果。我让学生把作品固定在木质底座上（我校至今仍设有木工坊），当然也可自制金属丝底座。此外，它们还可粘贴在黑色卡纸板上，呈现更偏二维的效果；我一直想把所有作品串联起来，制作成一组悬挂式装置。
订阅，不错过任何一篇推送！
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Wire Portrait Sculpture
Original: https://thatartteacher.com/2024/04/29/wire-portrait-sculpture/
Date: 2024-04-29
Author: Sierra Machado
Categories: long form lesson plan, sculpture
Tags: 3D art lesson, 3d lessons that are not clay, art education, art teacher, featured, high school wire lesson, how to make a balanced wire sculpture, how to make a face out of wire, how to make a wire sculpture, how to make a wire sculpture step by step, sierra machado art channel, that art teacher, wire art ideas, wire portrait lesson, Wire Portrait Sculpture, Wire Portrait Sculpture for beginners, Wire Portrait Sculpture for high school, Wire Portrait Sculpture home school lesson, wire portrait sculpture lesson, Wire Portrait Tutorial, wire sculpting for art class, wire sculpting for beginners
This wire portrait sculpture lesson is easy, inexpensive and creates quirky and impressive results! I like to use it as an intro to a more in-depth figure sculpture lesson or as an additional artwork during a contour drawing lesson.
This short video will give you a synopsis of the technique used to create wire portraits in the classroom.
This is a full length tutorial that will walk you through each step in real time. This is great for showing students before starting so they can visualize the technique. It is also helpful during times like after spring break when everyone forgets how to be a human…
Materials
Buying the right wire is essential to the success of this artwork. Wire is already a non-friendly material and students sometimes recoil (get it) when they are used to working with materials like clay. I purchase the 350 feet spool of 14 gauge aluminum wire. I wish I could tell you exactly how much to order for a certain number of students, but that’s just not how my brain or classroom works. We use about a yard (hands outstretched for each student) at a time, but I never know how to gauge (get it). My advice is always order more than you think you will need!
***This post contains affiliate links to products I truly love and use in my classroom. If you use these links to buy something I may earn a commission at no additional cost to you. Thank you for supporting this public school teacher’s side hustle so I can continue to provide free content.
Art History Connections
Alexander Calder is a natural artist to connect with. He is most famous for his mobiles and stabiles, but he was a prolific portrait artist using wire to capture the playful likeness of a wide range of people. Read more about his wire portraits here:
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/meet-another-side-of-alexander-calder-at-the-portrait-gallery-7171285/: Wire Portrait Sculpture
My students have a daily art history warm-up practice in their sketchbook that allows them to explore a variety of artists through an art criticism lense. This is one of my most important classroom management strategies and it also allows for students to engage in more than just creating art. It’s also a great way to address all the state and national standards weekly.
Read more about that here:
Art History Warm-Ups
Here is a free download of one week of warm-ups focusing on Alexander Calder. I always play around with the questions I ask students for each day depending on their skill level and what goals I have for them. Feel free to adapt this for your classroom, this can be used as a template. I just use the same format and edit it in Google Slides.
Alexander-CalderFREE Download!
Getting Started
This technique is easy enough for upper elementary students and challenging enough for high school students. This lesson can be simplified or expanded on depending on the level of your students. If they are beginners, drawing over a printed photograph can help them see essential lines. If they are more advanced in their drawing skills, have them do a series of contour drawing from life.
This would be a great extension artwork for an upper level drawing assignment. It helps with exploration of line that jumps right of your paper. This is one of my favorite contour drawing lessons:
Mixed Media Contour Portraits
Another less drawing heavy option is to use photographs. I currently teach this in my Sculpture II class, and most of those students are not looking to draw. They take this class to get their art credit and be hands on. I am not saying they all “can’t” or don’t like to draw, but it’s a different demographic than my Art II to AP Studio track.
We use the website unpslash.com because most of their images are free, and all of them are high quality images. Students can also use their own photographs and can be a great photography connection. I print the images out for them and we trace over the most essential elements using one continuous line. If they photograph is distracting to them, have them flip it over to the back so they just see the Sharpie outline.
Once students trace their contour, or essential line, they begin to form the wire around it. We use masking tape to hold it in place and it’s essential to loop the wire when moving on from on facial feature to another.
I like to teach this either using my Elmo document camera so my gigantic classes can see each step up close. The wire portrait video is great for review or to highlight key moments, but I love teaching everything step by step. This camera is super expensive and I was lucky for mys chool district to buy it for me. It has been a game changer in the classroom. You find more affordable ones, but I love my Elmo.
It’s important to lock in the major areas so the wire doesn’t wiggle out of place. If you are moving on from one facial feature to another, loop twice so your wire keeps it’s form. Sometimes it’s hard to balance too much wrapping with the simplicity of line, but with practice it becomes easier.
Final Wire Portrait Sculpture Results
I love the quirky results and I am always impressed with how much information a line based sculpture can capture. These are also super fun to photograph and play around with shadow. I like to have my students attach them to a wooden base (we still have a woodshop at my school), but you can create a wire base as well. They can also be attached to black matt board for a more 2-D approach, and I have always wanted to connect them altogether to create a group mobile.
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