立体主义乐器主题油画棒与拼贴艺术课

原文链接：https://createartwithme.com/cubism-art-lesson/

日期： 2015-04-26
作者： 米歇尔·伊斯特
分类： 六年级、丙烯绘画课、美术史课、美术课、拼贴课、素描课、干性粉笔课、高中美术、综合媒介课、初中美术、非具象艺术、油画棒课、绘画课、蛋彩画

标签： 抽象技法、艺术流派、立体主义艺术特征、拼贴艺术课、立体主义、立体主义乐器、立体主义乐器油画棒与拼贴艺术课、立体主义课程、夸张尺寸、几何形体、初中适用课程、小方块、多重光源、非写实色彩、油画棒、油画棒技法练习单、毕加索立体主义、毕加索课程

立体主义乐器主题油画棒与拼贴课

“它们看起来像是由许多小方块组成的……”

朱汉创作的立体主义小提琴

立体主义是我最喜爱教授的艺术流派之一。在创作抽象艺术时，艺术家拥有极大的自由度；对学生而言，这种自由尤其具有解放意义——尤其当他们不擅长写实绘画时。本课程以油画棒与拼贴为主要媒介，但也可拓展至干性粉笔或各类绘画媒介（如蛋彩、丙烯或油画）。尽情享受吧——我的学生们超爱这个项目！！欢迎查看我的小学抽象艺术课：以吉他为主题。

教学目标：

• 学生将了解立体主义艺术流派；
• 学生将理解并辨识立体主义艺术的典型特征；
• 学生将学习抽象表现技法；
• 学生将通过创作一幅原创立体主义风格作品，展现对立体主义技法的掌握。

教学内容：

1. 非具象艺术——不具再现性的艺术，画面中不含任何可识别的人物或物体。艺术元素（线条、形状、色彩等）本身即为画面主体。
2. 抽象艺术——在抽象艺术中，艺术家选取可识别的物体或人物，并对其加以改造，使其不再呈现写实面貌。艺术家可能省略细节、转换视角、夸张尺寸、简化形态，或以其他方式扭曲图像。
3. 立体主义（1907–1914）
4. 立体主义是二十世纪一场彻底革新欧洲绘画与雕塑的艺术运动，亦启发了音乐与文学领域的相关流派。它虽持续时间短暂，却是极具意义且影响深远的艺术运动。
5. 立体主义最初于1906年前后由法国艺术家巴勃罗·毕加索与乔治·布拉克共同开创。
6. “立体主义”时期强调建构过程，将所描绘的物象转化为基本几何形体：立方体、球体、圆柱体与圆锥体。
7. 立体主义绘画描绘的是日常场景，却从多个视角同时呈现，使物体发生变形，有时甚至显得杂乱无序。
8. 在立体主义作品中，物体被拆解、分析，再以抽象化形式重新组合——艺术家并非仅从单一视角描绘对象，而是从多重视角出发，以更全面的方式呈现主题。
9. 因此得名…… 当艺术家亨利·马蒂斯试图向艺术评论家路易·沃克塞尔描述乔治·布拉克的一幅画作时，他画下布拉克某幅风景画的草图，指出其画面构成仿佛由“小方块”组成；自此，“立体主义”一词便沿用下来。（1908年）
10. 立体主义代表艺术家： 巴勃罗·毕加索（西班牙）、乔治·布拉克（法国）、马塞尔·杜尚（展示相关范例）
11. 展示俄罗斯立体主义艺术家的作品（你注意到西班牙、法国立体主义与俄罗斯立体主义之间有何差异？）
12. 立体主义艺术特征：
13. 抽象艺术——可识别的物体经某种方式扭曲，已不再呈现写实面貌；
14. 碎裂化的图像；
15. 以黑色进行明暗/排线处理（区别于印象派惯用的蓝色）；
16. 低饱和度色彩，如褐色、蓝色与黑色——这些颜色常与其互补色混合使用（形成浑浊色调）；
17. 物体与背景空间相互融合，使形体与空间不再彼此分离，而融为一体；
18. 摒弃传统透视；
19. 结合图案、文字与“现成”拼贴材料，例如绳索、旧报纸等；
20. 多重光源。

抽象表现技法——对可识别物体/人物的扭曲方式包括：

• 将物体或人物简化为基本几何形体：立方体、圆柱体、球体、圆锥体；
• 从多个视点进行描绘；
• 使用非写实色彩；
• 夸张尺寸；
• 扭曲图像（压扁、抖动、拉长等）；
• 省略细节（简化处理）；
• 转换观察视角。

活动一： 油画棒技法练习单

本项目同样非常适用于干性粉笔！ 请参阅干性粉笔教案与练习单

进阶教学资源：

明度：浅色调与深色调练习包（含4份工作表）

色彩纯度教案+3份练习表套装

七至八年级学生立体主义项目范例：

活动 #2： 立体主义乐器丙烯油画棒与拼贴综合创作

项目目标： 运用抽象表现手法及立体主义特征，创作一幅以乐器为主题的原创立体主义风格构图。

操作步骤：

1. 选择一种或两种乐器（萨克斯管、吉他、小提琴、大提琴、钢琴、大号、小号）作为你的主要描绘对象。
2. 在一张12×18英寸的卡纸板上，绘制7–20条相交的直线（横线、竖线与斜线），使其呈现为被分割开的方块状；“L”形或“[”形线条效果尤佳。
3. 在画面上选取若干区域，将乐谱纸剪下并拼贴其上——使用固体胶棒粘贴。
4. 接着，在已被划分出的各个区块内，开始绘制你所选乐器的变形局部。每次进入新区域或跨越新线条时，均须运用抽象表现手法对造型进行变化：
   - 通过以下方式实现变形：
   • 将物体或形象简化为基本几何形体：立方体、圆柱体、球体、圆锥体；
   • 呈现多重视点；
   • 使用非写实色彩；
   • 夸张放大或缩小尺寸；
   • 扭曲图像（压扁、抖动、拉长等）；
   • 省略细节（简化处理）；
   • 改变观察视角。
5. 自主选择色彩，多数区域使用互补色以降低色彩纯度；仅在少数区域（即画面视觉焦点处）使用鲜明色彩。以油画棒着色，并添加明暗/排线。

以下是2017年几位学生的优秀范例：

若您引用本教案内容（文字或图片），请务必回链至本博客：Create Art with ME!

Cubism Instrument Oil Pastel and Collage Art Lesson

Original: https://createartwithme.com/cubism-art-lesson/

Date: 2015-04-26 Author: Michelle East Categories: 6th Grade, Acrylic Lessons, Art History Lessons, Art Lessons, Collage Lessons, Drawing Lessons, Dry Pastel Lessons, HS Art, Mixed Media Lessons, MS Art, non-objective, Oil Pastel Lessons, Painting Lessons, Tempera Painting Tags: Abstraction Techniques, art movements, Characteristics of Cubism Art, Collage Art Lesson, Cubism, Cubism Instrument, Cubism Instrument Oil Pastel and Collage Art Lesson, cubism lesson, Exaggerate size, geometric forms, Lesson for ms, little cubes, multiple light sources, nrealistic color, Oil Pastel, oil pastel techniques worksheet, Pablo Picasso Cubism, Picasso Lesson

Cubism Instrument Oil Pastel and Collage Lesson

“They look like they were made out of little cubes…”

Cubism violin by Ju Han

Cubism is one of my favorite art movements to teach. There is so much artistic freedom when creating abstract art and for students this can be very liberating especially if they struggle with drawing skills. This project is taught  using oil pastels and collage, but could be open to dry pastels or painting mediums (tempera, acrylic, or oil). Have fun-my students LOVE this project!! Check out my elementary abstract art lesson using guitars.

Objectives:

• Students will learn about the cubist art movement.
• They will understand and identify characteristics of cubist art.
• They will learn abstraction techniques.
• They will demonstrate understanding of cubist techniques by creating an original cubist style artwork.

Delivery:

1. Non-Objective Art- Art that is not representational, containing NO recognizable figures or objects. The elements of art (lines, shape color, etc.) are the main subject.
2. Abstract Art– In abstract art the artist takes recognizable objects or figures and changes them so they no longer looks realistic. The artist may leave out details, shift the point of view, exaggerate size, simplify or otherwise distort the image.
3. Cubism- 1907 – 1914
4. Cubism was a 20th century art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music and literature. It was a short but highly significant and influential artistic movement.
5. Cubism was developed originally in France by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque around 1906.
6. The” Cubist” period is characterized by emphasizing the process of construction, and converting the represented forms into the essential geometric shapes: the cube, the sphere, the cylinder, and the cone.
7. Cubism is a painting of a normal scene but painted from multiple views  where the objects are distorted and sometimes looked scrambled.
8. In cubist artworks, objects are broken up, analyzed, and re-assembled in an abstracted form — instead of depicting objects from one viewpoint, the artist depicts the subject from a multitude of viewpoints to represent the subject in a greater context.
9. Hence the Name… When artist Henri Matisse was trying to describe a painting by Georges Braque to Louis Vauxcelles (an art critic), Matisse made a drawing of one of Braque’s landscapes, to show how they were made out of ‘little cubes‘ and from there on “cubism” stuck. (1908)
10. Cubism Artists: Pablo Picasso (Spanish), Georges Braque (French, Marcel Duchamp (show examples)
11. Show examples of art of Russian Cubists (what differences do you notice between the Spanish and French versus the Russian Cubist artists?)
12. Characteristics of Cubism Art:
13. Abstract Art– a recognizable object has been distorted in some way so it no longer looks realistic
14. Fractured images
15. Shading with black (instead of with blue in impressionism).
16. Muted Colors of browns, blues, and blacks-Colors mixed with their compliments (muddy colors)
17. Merging the object and background space so that forms and space are not separated but merge together
18. Abandoning traditional perspective
19. Combination of pattern, text and “found” collage objects such adding rope and newspaper
20. Multiple light sources

Abstraction Techniques- Recognizable Objects/figures are Distorted by:

• Reducing object or figure to simple geometric forms: cube, cylinder, sphere, cone
• Draw from multiple points of view
• Use unrealistic color
• Exaggerate size
• Distort the image (squish, wiggle, elongate, etc.)
• Leave out details (Simplify)
• Shift the point of view

Activity #1: Oil Pastel Techniques Worksheet

This project also works great with Dry Pastels! Here is the Dry Pastel Lesson Plan & Worksheet

Advanced Instruction:

Color VALUE Tints and Shades 4 Worksheets PACKET

Color Intensity Lesson Plan + 3 Worksheets PACKET

7-8th Grade Art Student Examples of Cubism Project:

Activity #2: Cubism Instrument Oil Pastel and Collage Project

Project Objective: Create an original composition of instruments in the Cubism style using abstraction techniques and Cubism characteristics.

Instructions:

1. Choose an instrument or two (Saxophone, guitar, violin, cello, piano, tuba, trumpet) to have as your main subject matter.
2. On a 12×18 sheet of tagboard, draw 7-20 intersecting lines (horizontal, vertical & diagonal) so they look like broken up boxes, “L”or “[” shapes work well.
3. Choose a few areas to collage some music sheets onto your drawing -glue on paper using glue stick.
4. Now begin drawing distorted parts of the instrument you choose in the blocked areas. Use abstraction techniques to change the drawing each time you come to a new area or line. - Distort by: - - Reducing object or figure to simple geometric forms: cube, cylinder, sphere, cone
   • Add multiple points of view
   • Use unrealistic color
   • Exaggerate size
   • Distort the image (squish, wiggle, elongate, etc.)
   • Leave out details (Simplify)
   • Shift the point of view
5. Choose your colors, use complements to dull the intensity of the colors in most areas. Have only a few areas (your focal point) of bright colors. Color using oil pastels. Add Shading

Here are a few great student examples from 2017:

If you choose to use ANY of this lesson (written or photos), please link back to this blog Create Art with ME!