抽象艺术吉他（或乐器）综合材料课程
原文链接：https://createartwithme.com/abstract-art-guitar-or-music-instrument-mixed-media-lesson/
日期： 2012-10-25
作者： 米歇尔·伊斯特（Michelle East）
分类： 二年级、三年级、四年级、五年级、六年级、抽象艺术、美术史课程、美术课程、拼贴课程、绘画课程、小学美术、综合材料课程、水彩课程、水彩抗蚀技法课程
标签： 二年级美术、三年级美术、四年级美术、抽象、抽象艺术、面向儿童的抽象艺术课程、面向儿童的抽象艺术项目、通过抽象教学向儿童介绍抽象艺术、儿童美术课、艺术变形、美术课、面向儿童的美术课程、面向儿童的美术课、美术项目、面向儿童的美术项目、拼贴、立体主义课程、小学美术、面向小学阶段、混合媒介儿童美术课、儿童美术课程、儿童校内美术项目、混合媒介抽象艺术、面向儿童的混合媒介艺术项目、面向儿童的混合媒介课程、油画棒与水彩抗蚀技法、巴勃罗·毕加索（Pablo Picasso）、毕加索课程、绘画、面向儿童的美术教学、《小提琴与葡萄》、水彩、水彩抗蚀技法
立体主义是向儿童讲授抽象艺术的绝佳艺术流派。抽象艺术不同于非具象艺术（见下文）。 本课程主要面向一至四年级学生，但亦可灵活调整，适用于一年级以上任何学段。我的 立体主义乐器油画棒与拼贴美术课 则是我为初中及高中学生所设计的立体主义乐器课程升级版。
所需材料： 两张9×12英寸彩色卡纸（颜色不同）、胶水、炭笔与白色粉笔、Aqua Net定型发胶
教学流程：
- 非具象艺术与抽象艺术有何区别？
- 非具象艺术——不具再现性、不含任何可辨识人物或物体的艺术。艺术元素（线条、形状、色彩等）本身即为画面主体。 换言之，你无法从中看出一个人、一只狗或一朵花。
- 抽象艺术—— 在抽象艺术中，艺术家选取可辨识的物体或人物形象，并对其进行改造，使其不再呈现写实面貌。艺术家可能省略细节、转换视点、夸张尺寸、简化形体，或以其他方式对图像进行变形。
- 抽象化手法：
- 改变视点，采用多重视点；
- 使用非写实的色彩；
- 对图像进行变形：缩小、放大、拉伸、挤压、扭转等；
- 将图像切割后重新在画面上定位；
- 在画面表面拼贴其他材质。
- 观察巴勃罗·毕加索（Pablo Picasso）的画作《小提琴与葡萄》。注意他如何通过对形体进行切割、转换视点及使用低饱和度色彩等方式，对可辨识的造型加以抽象化处理。立体主义正是艺术中抽象化的典范。（巴勃罗·毕加索生平简介）
制作步骤：抽象吉他（共需6–7节30分钟课时）
选择一种乐器（萨克斯管、吉他、小提琴、钢琴、大号、小号）作为主要表现对象。对称性较强的乐器最适于本项目。我选用吉他，因此后续说明均以吉他为例。
吉他制作：
- 选取两张9×12英寸彩色卡纸（我选了棕色与灰色，但实际可任选两种颜色）。
- 将两张卡纸分别沿纵向对折，于折痕一侧画出吉他琴身的一半轮廓。
- 保持对折状态，沿所画轮廓剪下形状。
- 沿折痕线将琴身剪开，共得四个半把吉他形状。
- 将同色的两个半把吉他朝向一致（如上图所示），用炭笔在其中一块的弧形边缘涂绘并晕染，该块将置于后方；再用白色粉笔仅勾勒其弧形边缘轮廓（勿晕染）。同时，在这块琴身正面画一个半圆，并用黑色炭笔填满。在另一张彩色卡纸上，将另两个半把吉他翻转，使其能与前一块共同构成完整琴身；再依相同步骤处理这两个半把吉他。
-
用卡纸裁出“琴颈”。我所用纸条尺寸为2英寸×8英寸，再用压纹器压出肌理效果——孩子们超爱这一环节！！也可在压纹后的纸条上轻擦炭笔，使纹理更清晰。共需制作两条琴颈。 
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将带黑边的琴身粘贴于前方琴身上；再将琴颈粘贴于两块琴身之上。 
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用“Aqua Net”定型发胶喷洒吉他作品，以固定炭笔与粉笔痕迹。（此法适用于所有炭笔与粉笔素描！）
背景制作：
所需材料： 乐谱纸（每人一张）、12×18英寸白色卡纸板、水彩颜料、黑色油画棒
- 提前将乐谱纸剪成三角形（年龄较大的孩子可自行操作）。切勿全部剪成相同大小或形状！我所用乐谱纸来自学校音乐教师——她原计划将其回收，我便请求用于拼贴课程。
- 每位学生分发3–4张乐谱纸，要求将其粘贴于一张12×18英寸卡纸板上。
- 用黑色油画棒在背景上绘制分割线。我提示学生沿乐谱纸边缘起笔，并将线条延伸至纸张边缘；若线条即将与另一张乐谱纸相交，则跳过该纸片，继续在另一侧延伸线条。还可添加圆形，进一步分割画面空间。
- 用水彩颜料为背景着色，从中选取三种颜色。尝试重复使用这三种颜色，但避免相同颜色相邻。以下是两个示例。
- 最后，将吉他粘贴于背景之上。可反复调整位置，直至找到最具视觉趣味的构图，再固定粘贴。剪去超出画面边缘的多余琴颈部分。
**本课程由米歇尔·C·伊斯特（Michelle C East）原创。若您选择转载本课程（文字或图片形式），请务必注明原始出处并附上链接：Create Art with ME。
Original: https://createartwithme.com/abstract-art-guitar-or-music-instrument-mixed-media-lesson/
Date: 2012-10-25
Author: Michelle East
Categories: 2nd Grade, 3rd Grade, 4th Grade, 5th Grade, 6th Grade, Abstract Art, Art History Lessons, Art Lessons, Collage Lessons, Drawing Lessons, Elementary Art, Mixed Media Lessons, Painting Lessons, Watercolor Lessons, Watercolor Resist
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Cubism is an excellent art movement to teach children about abstract art. Abstract are is different than non-objective art (see below). This lesson is geared towards 1st-4th grade students, but can be adapted to any level above 1st grade. My Cubism Instrument Oil Pastel and Collage Art Lesson is the adapted cubism music instrument lesson I do with my middle school and high school students.
Supplies: 2 sheets of 9×12″ construction paper-diff. colors, glue, charcoal & white pastel, Aqua Net hairspray
Delivery:
- What is the difference between non-objective and abstract art?
- Non-Objective Art- Art that is not representational, containing NO recognizable figures or objects. The elements of art (lines, shape color, etc.) are the main subject. In other words, you don’t look at it & see a person or a dog or a flower.
- Abstract Art- In abstract art the artist takes recognizable objects or figures and changes them so they no longer looks realistic. The artist may leave out details, shift the point of view, exaggerate size, simplify or otherwise distort the image.
- Abstraction Techniques:
- Change the viewpoint, have multiple viewpoints.
- Change the colors to unrealistic colors.
- Distort the images: shrink, enlarge, stretch, pull, twist, etc.
- Cut the image up & re-position it on the picture plan.
- Collage additional materials onto the surface.
- Look at Pablo Picasso’s painting “Violin & Grapes”. Notice how he has abstracted the recognizable shapes by cutting them up, changing the viewpoint & changed the colors (muted). Cubism is a excellent example of abstraction in art. (Pablo Picasso Biography)
Instructions: Abstract Guitar (Length 6-7 30 min. class periods)
Choose an instrument (Saxophone, guitar, violin, piano, tuba, trumpet) to have as your main subject matter. Symmetrical instruments work the best for this project. I chose the guitar, so the rest of the directions are based on a guitar.
Guitars:
- Choose 2 sheets of 9×12″ construction paper, I used brown & grey, but really you could use any 2 colors.
- Fold the papers in half vertically & draw half of the body of the guitar.
- Cut out the shapes while they are still folded in half.
- Cut the body in half down the fold line so you have a total of 4 half guitar shapes.
- With the same color halves facing the same direction (as in the picture above), use charcoal to color & smudge around the curved edge of the piece that will go in the back. Next use white chalk/pastel to draw an outline only (don’t smudge) around the curved edge. Also on this front body draw a half circle & fill it in with black charcoal. On the next color paper, turn them over so they look like they would complete the body. Repeat the same instructions to the other color halves.
- Cut “necks” out of construction paper. My strips were 2″x8″ long, then I used a paper crimper to give it some texture. The kids LOVED doing this part!! You can also lightly rub charcoal along the crimped paper to show the lines better. Make 2 necks.
- Glue the black edged body to the front body. Also glue the neck onto the bodies.
- Spray the guitars with “Aqua Net” hairspray to keep the charcoal/pastel from coming off. (This works for all charcoal & pastel drawings!)
Background:
Supplies: music sheets (one per child), 12×18″ white Tag board, watercolors, black oil pastels
- Pre-cut music sheets into triangles (older children can do it themselves). Do NOT make them all the same size or shape! I got my music sheets from our music teacher-she was going to recycle them & I asked if we could have them for collaging.
- Give each child 3-4 music sheets. Have them glue them to a 12×18″ sheet of tag board.
- Use an oil pastel to draw dividing lines across the background. I told students to follow the edges of the music sheets & continue the line until it hit the edge of the paper. If it looked like the lines were going to run into another music sheet, then just skip over the music sheet & continue the line on the other side. You can even add circles to brake up the space more.
- Using watercolors, choose 3 colors to paint the background. Try to repeat the colors without having the same color right next to it. Here are 2 examples.
- Finally, glue the guitars to the background. Play around with placement until you find the most interesting one, then glue it down. Cut off any extra necks that are hanging off the edges.
This lesson was created by Michelle C East. If you choose to re-blog or use this lesson in any way (written or photos), then please make sure to link/credit to Create Art with ME.**
