乐高炭笔素描高中美术课

原文链接：https://createartwithme.com/lego-charcoal-drawing-hs-art-lesson/

日期： 2017-09-26
作者： 米歇尔·伊斯特（Michelle East）
分类： AP工作室艺术（高中高阶美术）、美术课程、炭笔课程、精选内容、高中美术、静物
标签： 炭笔课程、肩部运笔作画、线条与角度绘制、高中素描课、高中透视、乐高炭笔素描、乐高素描、乐高透视、乐高静物、观察式素描技能、乐高透视素描

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我的高中一、二级美术班正在训练观察式素描能力。这是一项既有趣又富挑战性的作业！学生需用5–6块乐高积木搭建一座边缘不规则的立体造型；先用铅笔起稿，再于有色纸（中性色调纸）上以黑白炭笔完成全明暗表现。

本课程由米歇尔·C·伊斯特（Michelle C. East）撰写 © 2017

教学目标：

• 学生将学会以肘部或肩部为轴心摆动运笔，绘制直线；
• 学生将学会通过肩部与肘部的流畅摆动，绘制直线、圆形与椭圆；
• 学生将掌握“线条角度”与“曲率程度”两类观察式素描技法，并将其运用于实际绘画；
• 学生将学习运用“目测法”判断物体的角度及轮廓边缘的倾斜度。

教学流程：

1. 复习肩部运笔法：绘制长直线时，应以肘部或肩部为轴心摆动运笔，而非仅靠手腕——仅用手腕会导致笔触过短、线条断续且歪斜。允许旋转画纸以辅助绘制倾斜线——画纸无需始终保持固定方向！教师示范
   a. 视频教程： https://mydrawingtutorials.com/drawing-exercises-for-drawing-better-lines/
   b. 课堂活动： 练习以肩部为轴心绘制直线、圆形与椭圆；
2. “先轻后重”原则——牢记这一口诀：初稿宜轻，待构图准确后再加深线条；
3. 术语讲解： 相交边缘与轮廓线
   a. 轮廓线（Contour）： 指你所感知到的形状或形体的边缘；
   b. 边缘（Edge）： 在素描中，指两种不同事物相接之处。（例如：天空与地面相接处，或正形/实体与负空间相接处。）
4. 将物体视作基本线条与形状来观察。 本次作业涉及：带角度的直线、曲线、椭圆及圆柱体。
5. 观察式素描技能（© 米歇尔·伊斯特）
6. 观察式素描技能概览：
   a. 线条角度
   b. 曲率程度
   c. 比例关系
7. 线条角度： 观察直线的方向与角度。注意：因视点变化，线条角度亦随之改变。需借助目测法判断物体角度及轮廓边缘的倾斜度。
   a. 寻找边缘，判断线条类型与方向（角度）；
   b. 核查水平线与垂直线的对齐关系；
   c. 一点透视与两点透视（一点透视课程）
8. 曲率程度： 观察线条弯曲的幅度。注意：随视点变化，线条曲率亦相应改变。观察乐高积木上的圆柱体在不同视点下呈现的曲率变化。
9. 比例关系： 指各部分之间的尺寸关系，即相互比较大小。
   1. 比例判断： 密切关注不同尺寸乐高积木的尺寸（高度、宽度、深度）。乐高积木的高度通常一致，但宽度与深度则取决于其圆柱凸点数量，以及是否为单宽或双宽砖块。注意：所有圆柱凸点的直径均相同，但其高度与深度会随视点变化而不同。
   2. 绘制辅助线，帮助准确定位圆柱凸点。

活动一：速写本练习——乐高素描

在速写本中，用轮廓线绘制4幅不同尺寸与形态的乐高积木素描：其中2幅为正面视角，另2幅为斜角（角落）视角。

活动二：炭笔技法工作表（含乐高专项练习页）

乐高炭笔素描项目：有色纸上的乐高炭笔静物

项目目标： 利用不规则堆叠的乐高积木创作一件富有趣味性的立体造型；精准地将构图绘制于画纸上；并以完整明度层次进行深入刻画。

所需材料： 2B炭笔、4B炭笔、白色炭笔、有色纸（裁为12×18英寸）、擦笔（卷纸笔）、可塑橡皮

操作步骤：

1. 选取6–7块尺寸与形态各异的乐高积木（建议包含一块带斜面的积木）；
2. 将乐高积木不规则地、错落有致地堆叠摆放，使整体构图明确呈现横向或纵向趋势。必要时可更换个别积木以优化构图。
3. 在有色纸上尽可能精准地绘制构图，确保全部内容适配画面，并留出协调悦目的负空间。
4. 使用白色与黑色炭笔进行深入刻画，呈现完整的明度层次（从最深的黑到最亮的白）。若有必要，可适度夸张某些明度以达成完整层次。
5. 完成后，擦净背景区域的所有指纹；再喷洒4层薄而均匀的发胶，以“定画”固定炭笔痕迹。

学生作品

其他乐高主题课程：

乐高彩铅素描

本文版权归米歇尔·C·伊斯特（Michelle C. East）所有——创艺与我（Create Art with ME）。若您引用本文任何内容，请务必回链至本人博客创艺与我（Create Art with ME）。

Lego Charcoal Drawing HS Art Lesson

Original: https://createartwithme.com/lego-charcoal-drawing-hs-art-lesson/

Date: 2017-09-26 Author: Michelle East Categories: AP Studio Art (Advanced HS Art), Art Lessons, Charcoal Lessons, Featured, HS Art, Still Life Tags: charcoal lesson, draw from shoulder, drawing lines and angles, hs drawing lesson, hs perspective, Lego Charcoal Drawing, lego drawing, lego perspective, lego still life, observational drawing skills, perspective lego drawing

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My level 1 and 2 HS art class is working on drawing observation skills. This is a fun, but challenging assignment! They had to create a 5-6 block Lego sculpture with uneven edges. They drew in pencil first and then rendered with full shading with black & white charcoal pencils on toned paper.

This lesson is written by Michelle C. East © 2017

Objectives:

• Students will learn to draw straight lines swinging from the elbow or shoulder.
• They will learn to draw lines, circles and ellipses by using fluid motion of swinging from the shoulder and elbow.
• The will learn the observational drawing techniques of “Angles of Lines” and “Degrees of Curvature” and apply them to a drawing.
• Learn how to judge angles of objects and the slants of the contour edges by using the sighting techniques.

Delivery:

1. Review drawing from the shoulder: When drawing a straight line, swing from the elbow or shoulder if making a large straight line, not from the wrist. Swinging from the wrist will make your stroke too short and your line will be choppy & crooked. It is okay to turn the paper to create an angled line-your paper doesn’t have to stay in one position! DEMO
   a. Video: https://mydrawingtutorials.com/drawing-exercises-for-drawing-better-lines/
   b. Activity: practice drawing straight lines, circles & ellipses from the shoulder
2. “Draw Light Until It’s Right”– remember this motto, it is better to draw lightly first, get the drawing right, then go darker with your lines.
3. Vocabulary: Meeting Edges and Contours
   a. Contour: an edge of a shape or form as you perceive it.
   b. Edge: in drawing, a place where two things meet. (For example, where the sky meets the ground or the positive shapes or forms meet negative space.)
4. Look at objects in terms of simple lines and shapes. Angled straight lines, curved lines, ellipses, and cylinders for this drawing.
5. Drawing Observation Skills (© Michelle East)
6. Overview of Drawing Observation Skills:
   a. Angles of Lines
   b. Degrees of Curvature
   c. Proportions
7. Angles of Lines: Observing the line direction and angles of straight lines. Notice how the angles of the lines change based on the point of view. Judge angles of objects and the slants of the contour edges.
   a. Find edges, judging types of lines & line directions-angles
   b. Check horizontal & vertical alignments
   c. 1 & 2 Point Perspective (1 Point Perspective Lesson)
8. Degrees of Curvature: observing how much a line curves. Observe how the curvature of a line changes with your point of view of an object. Notice how the cylinders on the Lego change as the point of view changes.
9. Proportions: Size relationships, comparing one part to another
   1. Judging Proportions: Pay close attention to the size (height, width, depth) of the different size Legos. The height of the Legos will most likely be consistent, but will vary in width and depth depending on how many cylinders it has and if it is a single or double wide brick. Notice that ALL the cylinders will be the same width, but will vary in height and depth depending on your view point.
   2. Draw guidelines to help you place the cylinders correctly.

Activity #1: Sketchbook Drawing: Legos

In your sketchbook, draw 4 contour line drawings of various size and shape Legos. Draw 2 from a front viewpoint and 2 from a corner view point.

Activity #2: Charcoal Techniques Worksheet (Lego practice sheet included)

Lego Charcoal DrawingProject: Lego Charcoal Still Life on Toned Paper

Project Objective: Create an interesting sculpture using unevenly stacked Legos, accurately draw the composition on the paper, and render with a full range of values.

Supplies: 2B Charcoal Pencils, 4B charcoal Pencils, White Charcoal Pencils, Toned Paper (cut to 12×18″), Tortillions, Kneaded Erasers

Instructions:

1. Choose 6-7 Legos of varying sizes and shapes (try to include one with a slanted body).
2. Arrange the Legos UNEVENLY or staggered so that the composition is decisively horizontal or vertical. You may need to change out a Lego or two to help with this.
3. On the toned paper draw your composition as accurately as possible so that it all fits on the page with a pleasing amount of negative space.
4. Render the drawing with white and black charcoal pencils. Use a FULL range of values (blacks to whites). If needed you may exaggerate some of the values to achieve the full range.
5. Erase all fingerprints from background, when finished spray 4 light coats of hairspray to “fix” the charcoal to the paper.

Student Artwork

Additional Lego Projects:

Lego Colored Pencil Drawing

This post is © Michelle C. East – Create Art with ME. If you choose to reference any part of this post, please link back to my blog Create Art with ME.